Development of Protocol for the Management of Patients with Delayed Ischemic Deficits Following Rupture of Cerebral Aneurysms: A Prospective Study.

Lee, Kyu Chang; Park, Hyeon Seon; Huh, Seung Kon; Shin, Yong Sam; Kim, Dong Ik; Chung, Su Kyoung; Kim, Seung Min; Choi, Jae Young

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1997;26(11): 1527-1536.

Kyu Chang Lee, Hyeon Seon Park, Seung Kon Huh, Yong Sam Shin, Dong Ik Kim, Su Kyoung Chung, Seung Min Kim, Jae Young Choi

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
³Department of Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

ABSTRACT

To establish management protocol for delayed ischemic deficits(DID), the authors designed a prospective study involving patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Fisher group 2 or 3, who had been admitted within 72 hours of the first rupture. The study group consisted of 100 consecutive surgical cases who underwent prophylactic hyperdynamic therapy during the period May 1995 to December 1996. The historical control group was a series of 117 patients, treated between January 1993 and April 1995, who did not undergo the same therapy. DID occurred in seven of 51 patients(13.7%) in the study group who underwent surgery within 72 hours of the first rupture, and in ten of 38 patients(26.3%) in the control group who similarly under surgery. Patients who postoperatively showed evidence of DID were managed as follows ; 1) in those developing DID without increased velocity on transcranial Doppler(TCD) study, hypertension was induced ; 2) in those who on TCD study showed increased flow velocity, cerebral angiography was performed ; 3) those with significant arteriographic vasospasm or delayed cerebral circulation, were intra-arterially infused with papaverine. In conclusion, prophylactic hyperdynamic therapy is an effective tool for the prevention of DID, especially following early surgery. TCD study may not effectively detect DID, but is a useful guide to the selection of management modalities. Intra-arterial papaverine infusion is an effective therapy for angiographic vasospasm and the prevention of DID.

Key Words: Delayed ischemic deficits; Prophylactic hyperdynamic therapy; Transcranial Doppler sonography; Intraarterial papaverine infusion