Endovascular Treatments of Traumatic Carotid and Vertebral Vascular Injuries.

Ahn, Jung Yong; Chung, Young Sun; Chung, Sang Sup; Yoon, Pyeong Ho; Lee, Byung Hee; Joo, Jin Yang

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2004;35(4): 345-352.

Jung Yong Ahn, Young Sun Chung, Sang Sup Chung, Pyeong Ho Yoon, Byung Hee Lee, Jin Yang Joo

¹Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, Korea. jyahn@cha.ac.kr
²Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
³Department of Radiology, Metro Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
⁴Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this report is to determine the safety and efficacy of endovascular therapy in the management of craniocervical vascular injuries. METHODS: Fifteen patients with traumatic carotid and vertebral lesions were treated using therapeutic endovascular methods. In 13 patients with blunt trauma, five patients had a carotid-cavernous fistula, 8 had a dissecting pseudoaneurysm or arterial dissection. One of two penetrating patients had complete transection of the vertebral artery, and the other had an internal carotid artery-internal jugular vein fistula with two pseudoaneurysms. Endovascular therapy was accomplished by implanting the balloons, porous or polytetrafluoroethylene covered stent, and/or embolic materials including coils or glue. RESULTS: All fistulas and pseudoaneurysms were successfully embolized with coils, glue, or stents. Most of all parent arteries except two patients were preserved. Sacrifice of the parent artery was inevitable in cases of thrombus formation due to coil migration into the parent artery and the existing transaction of the parent artery. No additional surgical procedures for vascular lesions were required. There were no delayed neurological or vascular complications. Additionally, no lesions recurred during follow-up periods (mean 26.9 months). CONCLUSION: From the author's experiences, the endovascular therapy using stents, balloons, and coils is both feasible and safe in treatment of the traumatic vascular injuries. Long-term follow-up review of these repairs will be requisite to provide a full evaluation of the safety and efficacy of these devices.

Key Words: Carotid artery injuries; Vertebral artery injuries; Embolization therapeutic